أكبر تجمع لـ البرزنتيشنات EngLisH

[kraza]

جزاكِ الله خيراً

اطلاله الربيع

 

[كويتيه مزيونه....]

up

up

 

[no0of]

يعطيــج 1000 ع ــآآفيهـ أختي اطلاله

 

[حمراويه]

يعطيكم العافيه جميعا

 

[t3wdna]

قوه بنات

بنات بغيت منكم خدمه الله يخليكم

لغتي شوي مو زينه بالانقلش

وابي موضوع يتكلم عن العادات السيئه بحياتي ابي عادتين مو وحده

يعني عاده سيئه كنت اسويها وتركتها

انا فكرت بالنت قلت انه عاده سيئه وكنت اشبك وقت طويل

بس الحين قللت منه

عفيه بنات لاتردوني . باجر لازم اقدمه

الله يخليكم دشوو وعطوني موضوع

 

[بسمتي]

السلام عليكم ابي موضوع تعبير عن الطبيعه حق الصف الثاني عشر

 

[إطلالة الربيع]

السلام عليكم ابي موضوع تعبير عن الطبيعه حق الصف الثاني عشر

Nature
​

Introduction
Environment, all of the external factors affecting an organism. These factors may be other living organisms (biotic factors) or nonliving variables (abiotic factors), such as temperature, rainfall, day length, wind, and ocean currents. The interactions of organisms with biotic and abiotic factors form an ecosystem. Even minute changes in any one factor in an ecosystem can influence whether or not a particular plant or animal species will be successful in its environment.
Organisms and their environment constantly interact, and both are changed by this interaction. Like all other living creatures, humans have clearly changed their environment, but they have done so generally on a grander scale than have all other species. Some of these human-induced changes—such as the destruction of the world’s tropical rain forests to create farms or grazing land for cattle—have led to altered climate patterns (see Global Warming). In turn, altered climate patterns have changed the way animals and plants are distributed in different ecosystems.
Scientists study the long-term consequences of human actions on the environment, while environmentalists—professionals in various fields, as well as concerned citizens—advocate ways to lessen the impact of human activity on the natural world.
Understanding the Environment
The science of ecology attempts to explain why plants and animals live where they do and why their populations are the sizes they are. Understanding the distribution and population size of organisms helps scientists evaluate the health of the environment.
In 1840 German chemist Justus von Liebig first proposed that populations cannot grow indefinitely, a basic principle now known as the Law of the Minimum. Biotic and abiotic factors, singly or in combination, ultimately limit the size that any population may attain. This size limit, known as a population’s carrying capacity, occurs when needed resources, such as food, breeding sites, and water, are in short supply. For example, the amount of nutrients in soil influences the amount of wheat that grows on a farm. If just one soil nutrient, such as nitrogen, is missing or below optimal levels, fewer healthy wheat plants will grow.
Population size and distribution may also be affected, either directly or indirectly, by the way species in an ecosystem interact with one another. In an experiment performed in the late 1960s in the rocky tidal zone along the Pacific Coast of the United States, American ecologist Robert Paine studied an area that contained 15 species of invertebrates, including starfish, mussels, limpets, barnacles, and chitons. Paine found that in this ecosystem one species of starfish preyed heavily on a species of mussel, preventing that mussel population from multiplying and monopolizing space in the tidal zone. When Paine removed the starfish from the area, he found that the mussel population quickly increased in size, crowding out most other organisms from rock surfaces. The number of invertebrate species in the ecosystem soon dropped to eight species. Paine concluded that the loss of just one species, the starfish, indirectly led to the loss of an additional six species and a transformation of the ecosystem.
Typically, the species that coexist in ecosystems have evolved together for many generations. These populations have established balanced interactions with each other that enable all populations in the area to remain relatively stable. Occasionally, however, natural or human-made disruptions occur that have unforeseen consequences to populations in an ecosystem. For example, 17th-century sailors routinely introduced goats to isolated oceanic islands, intending for the goats to roam freely and serve as a source of meat when the sailors returned to the islands during future voyages. As nonnative species free from all natural predators, the goats thrived and, in the process, overgrazed many of the islands. With a change in plant composition, many of the native animal species on the islands were driven to extinction. A simple action, the introduction of goats to an island, yielded many changes in the island ecosystem, demonstrating that all members of a community are closely interconnected.
To better understand the impact of natural and human disruptions on the Earth, in 1991 the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) began to use artificial satellites to study global change. NASA’s undertaking, called Earth Science Enterprise, is part of an international effort linking numerous satellites into a single Earth Observing System (EOS). EOS collects information about the interactions occurring in the atmosphere, on land, and in the oceans, and these data help scientists and lawmakers make sound environmental policy decisions.
Factors Threatening the Environment
The problems facing the environment are vast and diverse. Global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere, and destruction of the world’s rain forests are just some of the problems that many scientists believe will reach critical proportions in the coming decades. All of these problems will be directly affected by the size of the human population.
A Population Growth
Human population growth is at the root of virtually all of the world’s environmental problems. Although the growth rate of the world’s population has slowed slightly since the 1990s, the world’s population increases by about 77 million human beings each year. As the number of people increases, crowding generates pollution, destroys more habitats, and uses up additional natural resources.
The Population Division of the United Nations (UN) predicts that the world’s population will increase from 6.23 billion people in 2000 to 9.3 billion people in 2050. The UN estimates that the population will stabilize at more than 11 billion in 2200. Other experts predict that numbers will continue to rise into the foreseeable future, to as many as 19 billion people by the year 2200.
Although rates of population increase are now much slower in the developed world than in the developing world, it would be a mistake to assume that population growth is primarily a problem of developing countries. In fact, because larger amounts of resources per person are used in developed nations, each individual from the developed world has a much greater environmental impact than does a person from a developing country. Conservation strategies that would not significantly alter lifestyles but that would greatly lessen environmental impact are essential in the developed world.
In the developing world, meanwhile, the most important factors necessary to lower population growth rates are democracy and social justice. Studies show that population growth rates have fallen in developing areas where several social conditions exist. In these areas, literacy rates have increased and women receive economic status equal to that of men, enabling women to hold jobs and own property. In addition, birth control information in these areas is more widely available, and women are free to make their own reproductive decisions.
B Global Warming
Like the glass panes in a greenhouse, certain gases in the Earth’s atmosphere permit the Sun’s radiation to heat Earth. At the same time, these gases retard the escape into space of the infrared energy radiated back out by Earth. This process is referred to as the greenhouse effect. These gases, primarily carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, insulate Earth’s surface, helping to maintain warm temperatures. Without these gases, Earth would be a frozen planet with an average temperature of about -18°C (about 0°F) instead of a comfortable 15°C (59°F). If the concentration of these gases rises, they trap more heat within the atmosphere, causing worldwide temperatures to rise.
Within the last century, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically, largely because people burn vast amounts of fossil fuels—coal and petroleum and its derivatives. Average global temperature also has increased—by about 0.6 Celsius degree (1 Fahrenheit degree) within the past century. Atmospheric scientists have found that at least half of that temperature increase can be attributed to human activity. They predict that unless dramatic action is taken, global temperature will continue to rise by 1.4 to 5.8 Celsius degrees (2.5 to 10.4 Fahrenheit degrees) over the next century. Although such an increase may not seem like a great difference, during the last ice age the global temperature was only 2.2 Celsius degrees (4 Fahrenheit degrees) cooler than it is presently.
The consequences of such a modest increase in temperature may be devastating. Already scientists have detected a 40 percent reduction in the average thickness of Arctic ice. Other problems that may develop include a rise in sea levels that will completely inundate a number of low-lying island nations and flood many coastal cities, such as New York and Miami. Many plant and animal species will probably be driven into extinction, agriculture will be severely disrupted in many regions, and the frequency of severe hurricanes and droughts will likely increase.
C Depletion of the Ozone Layer
The ozone layer, a thin band in the stratosphere (layer of the upper atmosphere), serves to shield Earth from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays. In the 1970s, scientists discovered that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—chemicals used in refrigeration, air-conditioning systems, cleaning solvents, and aerosol sprays—destroy the ozone layer. CFCs release chlorine into the atmosphere; chlorine, in turn, breaks down ozone molecules. Because chlorine is not affected by its interaction with ozone, each chlorine molecule has the ability to destroy a large amount of ozone for an extended period of time.
The consequences of continued depletion of the ozone layer would be dramatic. Increased ultraviolet radiation would lead to a growing number of skin cancers and cataracts and also reduce the ability of immune systems to respond to infection. Additionally, growth of the world’s oceanic plankton, the base of most marine food chains, would decline. Plankton contains photosynthetic organisms that break down carbon dioxide. If plankton populations decline, it may lead to increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and thus to global warming. Recent studies suggest that global warming, in turn, may increase the amount of ozone destroyed. Even if the manufacture of CFCs is immediately banned, the chlorine already released into the atmosphere will continue to destroy the ozone layer for many decades.
In 1987 an international pact called the Montréal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer set specific targets for all nations to achieve in order to reduce emissions of chemicals responsible for the destruction of the ozone layer. Many people had hoped that this treaty would cause ozone loss to peak and begin to decline by the year 2000. In fact, in the fall of 2000, the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica was the largest ever recorded. The hole the following year was slightly smaller, leading some to believe that the depletion of ozone had stabilized. Even if the most stringent prohibitions against CFCs are implemented, however, scientists expect that it will take at least 50 more years for the hole over Antarctica to close completely.
D Habitat Destruction and Species Extinction
Plant and animal species are dying out at an unprecedented rate (see Endangered Species). Estimates range that from 4,000 to as many as 50,000 species per year become extinct. The leading cause of extinction is habitat destruction, particularly of the world’s richest ecosystems—tropical rain forests and coral reefs. If the world’s rain forests continue to be cut down at the current rate, they may completely disappear by the year 2030. In addition, if the world’s population continues to grow at its present rate and puts even more pressure on these habitats, they might well be destroyed sooner.
E Air Pollution
A significant portion of industry and transportation burns fossil fuels, such as gasoline. When these fuels burn, chemicals and particulate matter are released into the atmosphere. Although a vast number of substances contribute to air pollution, the most common air pollutants contain carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen. These chemicals interact with one another and with ultraviolet radiation in sunlight in dangerous ways. Smog, usually found in urban areas with large numbers of automobiles, forms when nitrogen oxides react with hydrocarbons in the air to produce aldehydes and ketones. Smog can cause serious health problems.
Acid rain forms when sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide transform into sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the atmosphere and come back to Earth in precipitation. Acid rain has made numerous lakes so acidic that they no longer support fish populations. Acid rain is also responsible for the decline of many forest ecosystems worldwide, including Germany’s Black Forest and forests throughout the eastern United States.

 

[كويتيه مزيونه....]

Hello


I want to talk about chocolate

Who doesn't like chocolate ?
Chocolate is sweet and delicious .. sure everybody likes chocolate .
There are many kinds of chocolate like : kit kat , kinder , flake and galaxy .


It produced in London , and galaxy has many kinds such
as : Minstrels , Ripple , Caramel , Flutes , Hazelnut and Crispy

The smoothest and creamiest chocolate
Did you ever think that the shape of a piece of chocolate could affect
the way it feels ti eat ? Well , that's why , in 2007 we lovingly created our new galaxy shape . It's the smoothest and creamiest chocolate you
could ever experience .


I hope you enjoy my oral fluncey
Thanks for listenin[/COLOR]
اتمـــنى تعجبـــكم...

ادعولي بالنجااااح...[/QUOTE]

" بنت القادسيه 17 "​

مشكوووورررررررررره واااااااايد وجزاج الله خير
والله تعبت وانا ادور وافر

يعطيج العافيه يارب والله يوفقج :nbvppw:

 

[نادره في وجودها]

لو ما عليكم امر بغيت برسينتش عن last weekend بسرعه الله يخليكم لي

 

[أنفاااس ورود]

السلام عليكم
شلونكم شخباركم بنات؟؟
حبايب قلبي بغيت برزتيشن عن *التوتر* ماعليكم امر

 

[غيمه صافيه]

هاي بنات بنتي بالصف السابع وتبي موضوع عن فلم تويلايت وعن دزني لاند بليز اهي تبيه حق باجر

 

[عشق ذاتي]

يعطيكم العافيه بناااااات

 

[نبض الجود]

بنات ابي موضوع انجليزي صغير وبسيط حق اختي اللي بخامس

عن الـ Fish

وابي حقي موضوع حلو .. وغريب بليييز

 

[مجبورة احبك]

سلام عليكم بغيت موضوع عن اخترااعات اليابان وصور

 

[مجبورة احبك]

بليز

 

[Am00na]

بنات ما عليكم امر اللي تقدر ابي موضوع يكون سهل وبسيط ابيه يكون واحد من هال 3
1- the compass
2- a sport class in the school
3- your visit to failka island

 

[إطلالة الربيع]

بنات ما عليكم امر اللي تقدر ابي موضوع يكون سهل وبسيط ابيه يكون واحد من هال 3
1- the compass
2- a sport class in the school
3- your visit to failka island

A compass is a navigational instrument for determining direction relative to the Earth's magnetic poles. It consists of a magnetized pointer free to align itself with Earth's magnetic field. The compass greatly improved the safety and efficiency of travel, especially ocean travel. A compass can be used to calculate heading, used with a sextant to calculate latitude, and with a marine chronometer to calculate longitude. It thus provides a much improved navigational capability that has only been recently supplanted by modern devices such as the Global Positioning System ​

 

[ام شيوخه]

بعد عمري الله يخليكم ابي لو ثلاث او اربع اسطر عن الادوية قديما

 

[bettyboop q8]

قوة بنات
بلييز ابي برزنتيشن عن برج ايفل او عن باريس و يكون 6 او 7 اسطر

 

[soso_ksa]

بناات انا عاجبني الموضوع هذا

Ladies first
…. Well know proverb ….
What dose it mean ?
What situation was the origin of this proverb ?
Why do we use it ?
Is it something good for ladies to be first ?
8
8
8
طبعا اول شي تسألين البنات الاسئله الي قبل شوي ...

The original story is that once upon a time there were two lovers . their families refused to let them marry . so they decided to commit suicide . the man killed himself first . when she sow him dieing she changed her mind . so men don't trust women any more .. so they said "" ladies first

بس حسيته قصيير وهاذي القصه كاامله وبعد طويل وماعرفت اختصره
بلييز اختصرووه ليي


What is the secret of this phrase"Ladies First"




It is common to hear the expression 'ladies first'. Women, in particular, daily repeat it as if it is a rule. They actually feel proud of it, unknowing its origin and its real indications. They think it is praise to them, while it is a shame to be said according to its origin
The story of this saying took place in Italy. It is about two lovers who loved each other so much. They decided to marry. But some social circumstances and relatives block the way of their marriage. They did not accept this and intentionally decided either to live together as husband and wife, or to die. together Having done best to achieve the marriage, they got disappointed. Dying was the only option. They thought about a number of ways to commit the suicide,throwing themselves into the sea was the appropriate way to them. The man sincerely said he would not bear the situation of seeing her drowning to death in front of his eyes. He convinced his beloved that he would throw himself first and then she would do so latter.
In the rush moment, the man did it and drown. The lady was looking at him as if he was 'singing'. The man was dead. It was the lady's turn to follow him to live together underneath, as they decided. But she soon broke her promise, forgetting her sweetheart who was dying in front of her eyes and in heart as well.
She 'threw herself back to the village'. Yes! Her promise was to throw herself. And she did, but to the village instead of the sea.
She came back home, to her relatives as if nothing has happened. Few days later, she fell in love with another man. She was happy with him as if it was her first love. It did not take a lot of time till she got married to him
Since then, people start doubting ladies and start repeating the saying 'ladies first', with the implication that ladies should throw themselves into the sea first, should die first, because they are not trustworthy
It is really interesting when one hears a lady proudly says 'ladies first', thinking that she adds a privilege for being a female. Some people, men and women, take it as a social rule, unknowing its real indications.
This is not a personal point of view. It is not, moreover, a personal interpretation of the story. It is what many sources say and interpret the original story. So, women please forgive me for shedding light on this.
I do only a favor for women so that to be aware of when to say 'ladies first' and when not to say.